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Sudan Journal of Agricultural Research

Effects of irrigation interval, sowing date and clove size on yield and some yield components of local garlic (Allium sativum L.) in the northern Sudan
 

El Awad   Mohamed   Ali   El Fahal

Abstract

The effects of irrigation interval, sowing date and clove size on the yield and yield components of garlic were studied over three consecutive seasons (1986-89) at Shendi Research Station farm in the Nile River State in northern Sudan. Three irrigation intervals (6, 10, and 14 days), six sowing dates (15 Oct., 30 Oct., 15 Nov., 30 Nov., 15 Dec. and 30 Dec.) and three clove sizes (large, medium and small) were tested in a split-split plot design with four replications. Differential irrigation was applied after crop establishment.
The results indicated that garlic bulb yield is significantly affected by irrigation interval, sowing date and clove size. Yields decreased consistently with delayed irrigation, delayed sowing and small clove size. Frequent irrigation, every 6 and 10 days, increased total yield by 44 and 36 % respectively compared to 14 days. Planting garlic on 15 and 30 October increased yield by 296 and 252 % respectively compared to 30 December planting. The use of large cloves as a planting material increased yield by 44.9 and 29.4 % over small and medium size cloves, respectively.
The effects of the factors studied on bulb weight and number of cloves per bulb were inconsistent in all seasons, but the trend was a general decrease in bulb weight and number of cloves per bulb with delayed irrigation, delayed sowing and use of small cloves as a planting material. Clove size and sowing date interaction had a significant effect on bulb weight and number of cloves per bulb and this was greatly reflected on total bulb yield.
The results clearly showed that for high garlic yield, the crop should be raised by using large cloves as a planting material, planted during the second week of October and irrigated every 6 – 10 days.

 

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Sudan Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 7 (2006) PP. 35-42