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Sudan Journal of Agricultural Research
Physicochemical characteristics of argessi (Chrozophora
brochiana), kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) and loofah (Luffa
cylindrica) seed oils
I. H. Hussein1, M. E. S. Mirghani2 and Y. B. Che Man3
Abstract
A study on new sources of edible oils namely argessi (Chrozophora
brochiana), kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) and loofah (Luffa
cylindrica) was conducted to quantify the physicochemical
characteristics of their seed oil. Percent crude oil content of the three
plant species ranges were: 37 - 41, 20 – 23.5 and 19 – 24, respectively.
Argessi and kenaf had yellowish and loofah had greenish oil colour.
Melting points were: 13.0, 15.0 and 17.5o C; free fatty acid (FFA): 0.82,
1.05 and 4.25%; saponification value (SV): 184.5, 184.8 and 182.4 mg
KOH/g; iodine value (IV): 120, 126 and 108 g I/100 g oil; peroxide value
(PV): 0.95, 0.98 and 1.20 meq/kg and the unsaponifiable matter: 0.075,
0.052 and 0.09% (w/w), for argessi, kenaf and loofah, respectively. The
fatty acid composition (FAC) of argessi oil showed high level of linoleic
(C18:2) 44.75%, followed by oleic acid (C18:1) 24.9%, stearic acid (C18:0)
15.6%, palmitic acid (C16:0) 13.9% and some traces of the linolenic
(C18:3) 0.50%. FAC for kenaf oil was high in oleic acid (C18:1) 38.78%
followed by palmitic (C16:0) 29.07%, linoleic (C18:2) 15.61%, stearic
(C18:0) 7.11% and other fatty acids 9.4%. In loofah seed oil, the FAC was
21.15% oleic, 12.01% palmitic, 06.51% stearic, 59.41% linoleic and 0.45%
linolenic. The triacylglycerol (TAG) profile of argessi oil showed
presence of eleven TAGs: PLO 16.9%, LLL 15.8%, OLL 14.9%, POO 11.7%, OOL
7.7%, PLL 7.5%, SOP 6.0%, SOO 4.0%, POP 3.9%, OOO 2.8% and SOS 2.3%.
Keywords:
Sudan Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 6 (2006) PP. 53-60
