AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH CORPORATION (ARC)
  
SUDAN

Achievements

The Agricultural Research Corporation has three technical committees entrusted with the approval of new recommendations and technologies for release. These are :

  • The Variety Release Committee
  • The Crop Husbandry Committee
  • The Pests and Diseases Committee

Since its establishment in the first decade of the last century the ARC was spearheading agricultural development in Sudan through generation of new technologies to solve ever emerging agricultural problem.. The battle against black arm which almost wiped out cotton during the thirties of the last century was won through a marvelous work on breeding for resistance against black arm on cotton. More recently some of the success stories were the release of high yielding sorghum varieties and breeding for heat tolerant wheat. In fact many new recommendations and technologies are released each year. Some of the technologies released during the last 10 years are mentioned below:

I. Crop Improvement

Cereals:

Sorghum

  1. Wad Ahmed for irrigated agriculture and high rainfall areas
  1. Al Inghaz for irrigated agriculture
  1. Sheikan for irrigated agriculture
  1. Mughawim Buda-1, a striga tolerant variety for irrigated and rainfed areas
  1. Mughawim Buda-2, a striga tolerant variety for rainfed farming
  1. Tabat for irrigated agriculture
  1. Rabeh, a hybrid for irrigated agriculture
  1. Yarwasha, an early maturing, drought tolerant fro rainfed areas

Maize

  1. PAN 6578
  1. PAN 6480
  1. Hudeiba (1)
  1. Hudeiba (2)

Wheat

  1. El Nilein, a high yielding variety for all growing areas, except New Halfa
  1. Nasr, a heat tolerant variety for the River Nile State
  1. Sasareib, a high yielding variety for New Halfa Scheme
  1. Argein, high yielding variety for New Halfa Scheme
  1. Sham (1), a hard wheat used for making macaroni
  1. Imam, a heat tolerant variety for all wheat growing areas
  1. Tagana, a heat tolerant variety  for all growing areas, except New Halfa
  1. Khalifa, a heat tolerant variety for all growing areas, except New Halfa
  1. Gezira 1, a heat for all wheat growing areas
  1. Bohain, an early-maturing variety for all wheat growing areas

Cotton

  1. Nour, a long staple cotton resistant to jassid
  1. Acala 93M, a long staple cotton resistant to jassid
  1. Barakat-90,  an extra long staple resistant to Fusarium wilt
  1. Barakat S, an extra long staple cotton resistant to Fusarium wilt
  1. Siddig, a long staple cotton resistant to Fusarium wilt 
  1. Hadi, a long staple cotton resistant to Fusarium wilt 
  1. Hamid, a medium staple cotton for irrigated sector
  1. Knight, a medium staple cotton for irrigated sector
  1. Abdin, a long staple cotton for irrigated sector
  1. Burhan, a short staple cotton for rainfed sector
  1. Wagar, a medium staple cotton for irrigated and rainfed sector
  1. Khairalla, a long staple cotton for irrigated sector

Sesame

  1. Kenana (2)
  1. Khidir for southern Gedarif and southern Damazin
  1. Promo for low rainfall areas

Sunflower

  1. Damazin (1)
  1. Variety Damazin (2)
  1. PAN-7329, a hybrid for irrigated sector
  1. PAN-7355, a hybrid for irrigated sector

Sugarcane

  1. C0997,  high yielding variety
  1. 47419, resistant to charcoal disease, minimum flowering

Cool Season Legumes:

Faba Bean

  1. Shambat 75
  1. Shambat 616
  1. Shambat 104
  1. Basabeer, medium northern region
  1. Hudeiba 93, medium seeded for the northern region
  1. Hudeiba 72, small seeded for the northern region
  1. SML, Large seeded for the northern region
  1. Damar, medium-seeded for the northern region

Common Bean

  1. Mutwakil, a high yielding variety for River Nile State export
  1. Iberya, a high yielding variety for River Nile State

Lentils

  1. Rubatab
  1. Nedi, high yielding variety for River Nile State

Chick Pea

  1. Jebal Marra, high yielding medium sized for Jebal Mara
  1. Shendi, high yielding medium sized for River Nile State
  1. Atmoor, small sized with wide adaptation
  1. Wad Hamid, large-sized, wilt resistant
  1. Matama, a high yielding variety for River Nile State
  1. Hawata, medium sized for Hawata area
  1. Burgaig, large sized, wilt resistant
  1. Salawa, large-sized for basin irrigation

Vegetables:

Tomatoes

  1. Sennar (1), resistant to leaf curl
  1. Sennar (2), resistant to leaf curl

 Garlic

  1. Seini (Chinese)

Fruits: 

Banana

  1. Albely, an early high yielding mutant for all banana growing areas 
  1. Grand Nain, a high yielding variety for Kassala area

Citruses

  1. Four varieties of mandarin: Kinnow, Kara, Wilking, Temple for New Halfa and Jebal Marra
  1. Two varieties of Grape fruit: Carpenter Marsh and Frost Marsh for Jebel Marra
  1. Four varieties of lime: Santa Barbara, Allen Young, Eureka and Cascade Y.L for Gebel Marra
  1. Three varieties of lemon: Tahiti, Pears and Mexicani for Jebal Marra
  1. Eight valencia orange varieties: Butler Valencia, Gamble Valecia, Hamlin, Frost Valencia, Olinda valecia, Nouri and Sennari
  1. Four navel orange varieties: Frost Navel, Barent, Gellete and Sukari for Jebal Marra
  1. Two orange varieties : Frost and local selection for clay soils in Sennar area
  1. Five Grape fruit varieties: Frost Marsh, Miami and Davis seedless Red Blush for New Halfa, Sinnar and Jebal Marra area
  1. Three orange varieties for New Halfa area
  1. Three rootstocks for grapefruit: Carrizo citrange, Troyer citrange and Sudan sour orange
  1. Four rootstocks for Valencia ornage and navel Orange: Cleopatra mandarin, Troyer citrange, Carrizo citrange and Sudan sour orange
  1. Two rootstocks for lemmon and lime

Date palm

  1. Nine varieties: Tamarat Asha, Karsham, Ardab, Somita, Abu Trima, Sukaria, Khadrawia, Zaytona and Kabusa for north Darfur
  1. Two pollinators: New Halfa 1 and New Halfa 2 for Mishrig Wad Lagai and Mishrig Wad Khatib

  II. Improvement of Production Technologies

A number of technologies were released dealing with land preparation, irrigation, cultural practices, plant nutrition, pest control, agricultural engineering, range and pasture and others.

a. Land Preparation

1- One recommendation dealing with land preparation for cultivation of wheat irrigation
2- One recommendation was passed on water harvesting in North Kordofan

b. Cultural Practices

Seven recommendations were passed:
1- Pruning of Guava trees
2- Spacing of Banana trees
3- Potato planting
4- Date of transplanting and plant population in sweet pepper (Capsicum annum)
5- Plant population for tomato varieties intended for processing
6- Sowing date method and seed rate of lentils
7- Intercropping of groundnuts with other crops in North Kordofan

c. Plant Nutrition

Some recommendations were passed :
1- Urea application in Bananas ( 200g/plant)
2- Application of urea to oranges in Nile State (200g/ tree to be applied in 2-4 times /year)
3- Urea dose for grape fruit and orange trees (400g/tree to be applied 2-4 times /year)
4- Dose of nitrogen and phosphorus on wheat
5- Fertilization of sugarcane sets with urea (160kg urea/ feddan)

d. Pests and Diseases Control

1- A number of herbicides were released for weed control in cotton
2- Two herbicides were released to control Sudan grass (Adar) in wheat
3- Release of 7 fungicides for the control of powdery mildew on tomatoes
4- Release of a new chemical as seed dressing for onions, tomatoes, okra and cucumber
5- Release of 7 insecticides for the control of insects on cotton
6- Release of 8 herbicides for the control of weeds in Faba bean, lentils and cotton
7- Release of 5 chemicals for use as seed dressing in cotton and wheat
8- Release of 2 insecticides for the control of bollworm on sunflower
9- Release of a complete technological package for the control Buda (Striga hermontheca) on sorghum
10- Release of 4 herbicides for the control of weeds on sugarcane
11- Updating of the recommendations previously released pertaining to the Economic Threshold Level (ETL) of pesticides used for spraying cotton
12- Release of a pesticide to control rats
13- Release of a herbicide ton control weeds on irrigation canals
14- Release of Neem seed extract to control insects on potatoes and okra
15-Release of three herbicides for the control of weeds in transplanted onion

e. Agricultural Engineering

Release of a recommendation related to a prototype for a machine to cutting cotton and groundnuts stalks in the irrigated schemes

f. Range and Pasture

1- Release of a new technology for conservation and improvement of nutritional quality of feeds for ruminants in Kordofan, Western Sudan
2- Release of a recommendation on strategic supplementary feeding of sheep to improve reproductive performance of ewes under range conditions of Kordofan, Western Sudan

III. Other Technologies

1- Approval of technologies that result in improvement of propagation methods in citruses and mangoes in nurseries and enhancing fruit setting in dates
2- Recommendation of a new chemical method for determination of stickiness in cotton

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